Sunday, 10 June 2018

Competing Forms of Fascism - Free Speech

Afternoon - Sunday, bloody Sunday as Alan Partridge once said.

When I was a teenager I remember our address receiving some politically-motivated literature through the door. Written by a gentleman operating under the non de guerre of 'Cross of St George', this pamphlet called for some measures which we could comfortably slot into the Ultra-Nationalist or Authoritarian Populist slots on the political pyramid. It was the typical dog-whistle stuff along the lines of "Britain is full, no more immigration", "kick the Pakis out" etc. I had a look at it for my own amusement and concluded that in the unlikely event that I wanted to become some sort of racist knobhead, other racist knobheads would forbid me from joining them. Excellent.

Now one of the great appeals of this kind of politics is of course that it makes people who are nasty, dumb, lazy or all of the above feel like they are being victimised or 'picked on' in some way, feeding a sort of euphoric outrage. This is enabler and feelgood politics, liberating the bad, the mad and the sad from any sense of personal responsibility for their own actions. When I watched the English Defence League demo in Preston a few years ago this vibe of unleashed inner tyrant carried a poisonous scent around the city (Unite Against Fascism, a misleading title if I've ever seen one, brought a similar toxicity all of their own). In such a climate, just about anything is justified.

With the EDL the clue was in the title - when you're defending something, any action you take is one of defence regarding either yourself or something you hold dear (i.e. your country, your race, your culture/heritage etc). At the absolute worst it is one of retaliation and, just possibly in the case of extreme violence, over-reaction. I study the Toddler Right and its multitude of logical fallacies for a reason, so when someone says "the white race is under attack" or asks the silly rhetorical "does the white race not have a right to exist?" you can work out which inner bastard they are feeding. Of course in reality only individuals have rights - races, genders and sexual orientations don't.

Anyway, back to 'Cross of St George' - one of the unpleasant aspects when I was growing up was the extent to which family members and neighbours carried varying degrees of this mob/group mentality with them. My younger brother and me were in a non-racist minority amongst our household, while sweeping generalisations about ethnic minorities were a common adolescent experience. I even remember a couple of South African families moving nearby and complaining that Indian migrants had "stolen all the jobs in Serf Afrika because they were prepared to work harder than whites". That sounds awfully like like a cue to get off your lazy arse, not wallow in a misplaced sense of grievance.

I mention all of this because the smokescreen of 'free speech advocacy' is something commonly trotted out by the Toddler Right these days, just as liberals and progressives used to when a form of 'Conservative Political Correctness' existed. What is known as PC is not something which can be attached to a single strand of political or philosophical thought - what we're really talking about is the attempt by those in possession of the ball to impose a dominant discourse on the population (be that progressive, conservative, nationalistic, whatever). Along with education and the media, the licensing of expression, the regulation of what you can and cannot think or say, is a key component.

Of course those progressives and liberals of the past have gone on to morph into what is now the Toddler Left and we can see that their agenda was not one of a free-for-all in the crucible of ideas, but the seizure of any metaphorical boot in order for it to be placed on the other foot. Orwellian 'Hate Crimes' legislation, non-platforming of some rather tame and moderate speakers at Universities, the tarring and feathering of anybody who dares to defy conventional wisdom as a racist/sexist/homophobic etc. This very real grievance of 'free speech' was simply a legitimising vehicle, one that obscured their wider and altogether more pernicious aims. I'll return to that later.

Now it's worth asking what exactly Free Speech really is so we are on the same page, although as is the case with most modes of philosophy or thought the argument exists on two levels, the second of which should really filter out us 'crucible of ideas' junkies from those pursuing freedom of expression solely for their own side. A sensible enough definition is the right to hold and express any view of the world, right up to the point at which it starts to transmit direct lies about another person or advocate criminality against them. So (for example) merely being 'a bit of a racist' is absolutely fine (at least legally) while slander/libel or inciting "a few kickings" is absolutely not. Simples.

But then there's the next level - what else is free speech not, in addition to what I've just outlined above? Well free speech is not diplomatic immunity from challenge, criticism, ridicule or the wider social consequences of what you've said. It is not the right for your views (and by extension, your person) to be afforded respect or discussed as if they were of equal merit to all other opinions on the same topic. Nor is it the right to a speaking venue in the private sphere and/or a sympathetic audience (although on the first point universities, which operate in the public sphere, are a different situation). The saying "if everybody is free then nobody is free" is a very profound one in this instance.

The thing is...what if as a private individual I am prohibited from calling out what you've just said as irrational, illogical or dangerous then cutting you out of my life altogether? What if as the owner of a private venue I was put under some sort of obligation to give you a two hour speaking platform during peak hours - and the audience had to politely applaud your every utterance, regardless of its true value? What if, as your employer, I figured that the public airing of your mad and subversive take on current events was likely to cause friction with customers, suppliers and fellow employees, but I was forbidden from sending you up the road or at least pulling you in for a quiet word?

The short answer is...you would have anarchic levels of freedom while I would have none.

We've seen this recently with the Toddler Right, who are some of the most hysterical and hilarious snowflakes you're ever likely to come across - "people are losing their jobs for supporting us, people are being disciplined by their employers for things they've said on Twitter" etc. Now I'd like to think that most people are for freedom of expression within the parameters I outlined earlier, but if your boss isn't one of them and chooses to have a quiet word with you about your social media ramblings then, well, I'd rather he/she didn't do that but it's really their call. If you choose to then ignore that quiet word and continue down the same road then I have to say that sympathy is limited.

This issue came up when the recently departed Eric Bristow (an out-of the page Toddler Rightist if I've ever seen one) lost his job as a Sky pundit after describing the victims of paedo soccer-monster Barry Bennell as 'not proper men' and suggested that if they had been then a spot of after-the-fact vigilantism would have been the only appropriate course of action. Idiots defending Bristow and citing 'freedom of speech' were engaging in Toddlerism of the highest order, conflating the right not to be arrested for offensive expression with others' lack of a right to think of them as a tosser, or considering whether or not to employ them anymore. Freedom has to cut both ways or neither.

With the Toddler Left very much in the driving seat in this issue, we've seen some outrageous filth peddled by its supporters, celebrity cheerleaders and even public representatives over the last decade - stuff that itself could be considered bigoted and/or intolerant in its own way. That people who would have moaned about 'oppression' and 'licensed speech' themselves 50 years ago are more than happy to rally around those on their own side spewing anti-white racism and anti-male sexism in particular is illogical and absurd but not really surprising. In reality the Toddler Left never supported free speech in the genuine sense, and the Toddler Right, the next cab off the rank, doesn't support it either.

The last two Saturdays have seen marches on Downing Street and other places by those campaigning for the 'release' of Stephen Yaxley Lennon, aka Tommy Robinson. Now I have no time for the man or his politics and nor am I absolutely sure he is actually in prison (he may simply have gone 'off grid' and had a narrative put together for martyrdom purposes), but let's take the story at face value. Lennon/Robinson/Charlie Chaplin/whatever was imprisoned for contempt of court, having violated a reporting ban on a particularly sensitive trial while he had a suspended sentence hanging over him. Let's be clear - if this is really what happened then fair enough and no sympathy whatsoever.

However...whether or not the judge was within legal parameters to summarily send him to prison, surely anyone possessed of an antenna would know that doing so in what could later be depicted as a showtrial was a massive political own goal? Having got him bang to rights, it makes far more sense to hold proceedings in public, allow Lennon/Robinson to contest the charges (of which he was guilty based on the camera he had on his person) and leave absolutely no doubt as to who, what, when, where and how. Whether you believe the cock-up or conspiracy theory in regard to the backlash this has created is something I'll leave up to all of you as individuals. Make up your own minds.

The point is...the very worst thing you can give those with a sinister agenda of their own is something, anything which they can later distort or choose to construe as a legitimate grievance. Anyone in that circumstance can play the victim and get away with focusing solely on what they are against, when what I really want to know is what people are for. This is the true unseen beauty of genuine free speech, an almost unrestricted free-for-all in the crucible of ideas - it removes that potential for making martyrs out of morons, deprives the idiotic on all sides of the get-out-of-jail that is the 'gagged for telling the truth' card and enables their mad ideas to melt under sunlight.

Of course free speech (especially for those who disagree with you) is uncomfortable and bloody hard work - but then most things worth having tend to be.

On a brighter note, that's me done - I'll leave you with a bit of OMD and thanks for reading.

Sunday, 3 June 2018

The Political Pyramid Explained

Morning. Back after a few weeks away - did I miss anything?

The attempt to analyse political differences through a linear lens running from left to right has irritated me for some years. I'm not a Conservative, but refuse to accept that any form of it logically leads to Fascism or Nazism if it is taken too far - in fact I'd suggest that Conservatism, for all its faults, is about as far from anything 'dangerously revolutionary' as you are likely to find. Similarly, is absolutely everybody who advocates some form of State intervention in the economy heading down a 'slippery slope' towards full-on Communism? Clearly, you have to acknowledge the existence of a segue between some form of welfare liberalism and the excesses of Cuba or Cambodia.

The Nolan Chart, with its small state-big state and libertarian-authoritarian axes, does a slightly better job although again the scope is somewhat limited. A healthy suspicion of the State does not make one a 'rugged individualist' by definition, which is what the Nolan Chart's four very crude boxes would imply (you could perhaps stick a fifth box around the middle of the grid and argue that this represents Centrist/Moderate viewpoints). When all is said and done you take on one of these five spaces and that's pretty much it - so is that really much better than saying Left, Centre-Left, Centre, Centre-Right or Right? I can't say it's a great deal more satisfactory.

With the focus being on the Individual vs State battle (one which us individualists are currently losing emphatically) the third dimension, namely one of 'people power', democracy, 'community empowerment' etc is the one being missed out. A populist or direct democrat will regard both the Individual and the State as roadblocks on the way to whatever it is they wish to achieve (although the State may well become a useful tool to enforce the will of the majority once it has been seized, a nuance I'll touch upon later). With the Brexit referendum having fuelled a sort of 'democratic bloodlust' amongst many, this dimension appears to be making a comeback, for good or ill.

Bearing all of this in mind, the right shape to break down where power resides cannot be a straight line or even a 2D grid, but a triangle or pyramid. This enables us to weigh up the pushes and pulls between Individual, State and Community, analyse the potential for extremism in any of these directions over the other two and attach the requisite labels to various positions. Some of them you may disagree with, or suggest alternative names for, so please feel free to offer feedback or constructive criticism accordingly. This is a work in progress, but in my view explores the nuances more deeply than most of the alternatives that have gone before.

So...here we are. Let's go through these 15 'schools of thought' individually...
 
Breaking it down we have the first tier, solely comprising of Anarcho Capitalism. Then we have the 'Individual Empowerment' tier, the Mixed/Mainstream ideologies below that, any that empower groups in Tier 4 (be they based on State power or Community empowerment) and, at the bottom of the pile, those that could be considered seriously Authoritarian in nature (and usually in outcome). Of course it is possible (and quite likely) that you might be predominantly one and then have a secondary or tertiary label which is fairly close to your primary set of ideas. Any quiz or test would need to reflect this and produce a list of top three results as opposed to one in isolation.

I have left out generic concepts such as Absolute Monarchy, Theocracy and 'Anarchy' in and of itself as they are too vague and could not be described as having unique characteristics which clearly define them from other forms of government. Some Absolute Monarchies or Theocracies afford certain degrees of individual freedom while others are brutal and repressive. Meanwhile two forms of Anarchy are covered separately here via the inclusion of Anarcho Capitalism and Ocholocracy, while worker's Anarchy (Anarcho-Syndicalism) was of course the 'unicorns and Rainbows' stuff that invariably descended into Communism. In short, Anarcho-Syndicalism has never happened.

*note that I am focussing at least to some extent on how the examples cited here package/market themselves - you may argue that they are something else in reality and are probably right.

Tier 1 - Ultra-Individualist

Anarcho Capitalism

Examples: can't think of one
Size of State: there basically isn't one
Social Policy: leave people alone
Rights: individual
Dissent: there is 'nothing' to speak out against, nobody to complain to
Characteristics: 'free market anarchism', virtually no regulation of business or enterprise, no social protection.

Tier 2 - Individual Empowerment

Classical Liberalism

Examples: liberal governments of Britain in the late 19th and early 20th century
Size of State: small
Social Policy: leave people alone
Rights: individual
Dissent: tolerated
Characteristics: small state (slightly bigger than AnCaps or Minarchists), low taxation, balance very much in favour of the individual.

Minarchism (Libertarianism)

Examples: founding fathers of the United States
Size of State: minimalist
Social Policy: leave people alone
Rights: individual
Dissent: tolerated
Characteristics: high emphasis on individual freedom in all spheres. State is there for the purposes of defence, law and order and very little else.

Tier 3 - Mainstream

Social Democracy

Examples: Democratic Party in the United States, British Labour Party for most of its existence, many SDP-type parties dominating in mainland Europe
Size of State: medium-high
Social Policy: passively progressive
Rights: mixed
Dissent: tolerated
Characteristics: socialism-lite in many ways, less hostility towards market forces, pursuit of a mixed economy and liberal values in social policy.

Centrism

Examples: Centre and Christian Democrat Parties in Europe, New Labour
Size of State: medium
Social Policy: passively progressive
Rights: mixed
Dissent: tolerated
Characteristics: does what it says on the tin, can be reached by 'third way' modes of thought or lifting bits and pieces from around the board.

Conservatism

Examples: US Republican and British Conservative Party for most of their existence
Size of State: medium
Social Policy: passively conservative
Rights: mixed
Dissent: tolerated
Characteristics: mildly socially conservative, trust in individuals and communities to solve problems better than the State can.

Tier 4 - Group Empowerment

Socialism

Examples: Socialist Parties all over Europe, Bernie Sanders' run at the Presidency
Size of State: high
Social Policy: aggressively progressive
Rights: group
Dissent: officially tolerated
Characteristics: high taxation, massive welfare state, lots of State control over the economy which may or may not include some nationalisation.

Nationalism

Examples: Sinn Fein, Scottish National Party, latter-day BNP
Size of State: high
Social Policy: aggressively nationalistic
Rights: group
Dissent: officially tolerated
Characteristics: nationalists are often socialists on economic matters - they are basically the same thing based on grievance/grudge over class/wealth (Socialism) or nation/race (Nationalism).

Populism

Examples: UKIP, the Presidency of Donald Trump
Size of State: medium-high
Social Policy: typically conservative and/or nationalistic
Rights: group
Dissent: officially tolerated
Characteristics: rabble-rousing 'charismatic' leaders such as Farage or Trump, some minority-bashing but stopping short of outright and/or deliberate persecution by the State.

Localism

Examples: governance of Switzerland by regions (cantons)
Size of State: whatever the locality wants
Social Policy: see above
Rights: see above
Dissent: see above
Characteristics: the nature of localism depends rather heavily on the self-governing population and whether or not protections exist for lawful minorities. Something of a lottery.

Tier 5 - Authoritarian

Communism

Examples: Castro's Cuba, Pol Pot's Cambodia, the Soviet Union
Size of State: huge
Social Policy: brutal
Rights: you don't have any
Dissent: crushed
Characteristics: an all-powerful state which nationalises the economy, massive human rights abuses, the removal of all possible opposition, usually through violence and/or murder.

National Socialism (also known as Fascism)

Examples: Nazi Germany, Mussolini's Italy
Size of State: huge
Social Policy: brutal, often with a racist element
Rights: you don't have any
Dissent: crushed
Characteristics: I remember being taught at school that Communism was 'far left' and National Socialism 'far right' - this occurred to me as absurd even at 13. The two are basically identical save for an emphasis on race and a preference for 'State Capitalism' over outright nationalisation.

Authoritarian Populism

Examples: Marine la Pen
Size of State: high
Social Policy: ultra-conservative and/or nationalistic
Rights: group for the 51 per cent, none for the other 49
Dissent: officially tolerated
Characteristics: populism on steroids, this is probably the maddest you can get while still at least claiming to operate in a democracy. Overt persecution of minorities is the key difference.

Direct Democracy

Examples: no pure instances, although many nations have elements of it
Size of State: whatever the 51 per cent vote for
Social Policy: see above
Rights: see above
Dissent: see above
Characteristics: rule by referenda - although a State exists it is merely to serve the will of the majority unless a written constitution is in place to override it. Potentially very dangerous.

Ochlocracy (Mob Rule)

Examples: no pure instances (thankfully)
Size of State: whatever the mob wants
Social Policy: see above
Rights: total freedom for the mob (including lawlessness), none for anyone else
Dissent: see Rights
Characteristics: probably best manifests itself in the form of vigilantism and the meeting out of 'justice' against criminals (proven or otherwise) by self-appointed street juries. Lawless, backward and the most frightening form of 'governance' there is.

One of the key points that comes out of this is that if we don't attempt to strike some sort of balance between the individual, the legitimate functions of the State and community concerns (i.e head off to an extreme degree in any direction) we run the risk of becoming authoritarian or oppressive by one mechanism or the other. The saying "if everybody is free then nobody is free" holds some weight in the instance of Anarcho Capitalism, while the State appropriating excessive amounts of power over people's lives can lead to disastrous consequences as we've seen throughout history. Ochlocracy is their equivalent when the will of the majority (or simply the loudest) holds far too much weight.

I hope you've enjoyed this, that it has provoked some thought and perhaps some new ideas of your own. Constructive criticism and disagreement is always welcome on these pages so please feel free to comment if you have anything to add.

In the meantime I'll leave you with some Pete Shelley - thanks for reading.